Analyzing the approach of the clergy towards modernity, from the Constitutional Revolution to the Islamic Revolution

One of the most important paradigms and models that has affected all dimensions of human life is modernity, which as a fluid cultural and civilizational model includes all areas of individual and social life. Modernism and technological advancements and the ideas derived from them began comprehensively around the 16th century and create new changes in the fields of human life every day. These components, values, and principles have challenged all aspects and affairs of our lives after entering into Iran and the Islamic world. Therefore, what will be discussed in this article will be the confrontation, conflict, and sometimes interaction between Islam (in the sense of Shiite jurisprudence and clergy as its inheritor and carrier) with modernity and renewal. The data of this article has been collected through documentary method and processed by content analysis. The research findings show that in the field of "general receptive mentality", the type of action of the clergy towards modernity is a mixture of rejection, expulsion, and sometimes integration of Western modernity's "appearance" principles, especially in the areas of democracy, humanism, freedom, and equality with Islamic content. In the field of "proving mentality", only some traditional and resistant viewpoints of some clerics and limited resistance allow the majority of clergies to use technical, innovative, and aspects of generative of the modernism