Justice’s position in the political thought of Islam (Case study: Ayatollah Mahdavi Kani thoughts)

Justice is one of the old topics in the human thought history. It has occupied the minds of thinkers throughout history and they has offered various opinions about it. In Islamic thinkers, justice is one of the most important and controversial concept. In Shiite thought – that have historically relied less on government - it has been reduced as individual subject. After the victory of the Islamic Revolution in Iran and the formation of the Shiite government, it became necessary to present social ideas to govern the government in various fields. Ayatollah Mahdavi Kani is one of the jurists and thinkers of the Islamic Republic, who has expressed theories about justice based on Shiite teachings and the Holy Quran. By collecting his views in the field of justice and categorizing them, the researcher seeks to explain Ayatollah Mahdavi's views on justice. He defines justice as meaning giving the rights of others and believes that this level of justice of individuals has strengths and weaknesses that increase or decrease in proportion to the responsibilities and duties of individuals. In the following, two steps of justice, ie revolutionary consciousness and culture, are pointed out, and finally, the increase of social capital, the establishment and survival of governments, and the growth and introduction of capital and economic growth as political effects of justice in society are explained.